Study of Chip Forming in Cutting Metals using the Method of Digital Correlation Speckle Interferometry

Using the new method of speckle interferometry is considered, when due to plastic deformation during the cutting, the microstructure of the surface of the disc face processed by the cutter changes in the cutting area, which causes a shift of the observed speckle. Continuous comparison of the changing frames of speckles makes it possible to follow the process of deforming during the observation time. A technique is set forth for using the digital correlation speckle interferometry to study a process of free cutting on the basis of analysis of vector fields of displacement, directions of displacements, components of a relative strain and a strain rate. The comparison of deformation patterns in cutting by a tool with different geometry of the cutting wedge is given. A new highly accurate means for investigation and optimization of the cutting process is proposed; it is the method of digital correlation speckle interferometry having a high resolution and the relatively inexpensive instrument support. A method is considered for experimental determination of strain in the area of chip forming during the free cutting of metals. The description of experiment procedure and requirements to its implementation are given. The vector fields of displacement of deformed material are presented. The calculation of a strain and a strain rate from the obtained experimental data is given.

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