Modeling of Micro Cryogenic Machine Operating on Reverse Stirling Cycle

The article is devoted to elaboration of a design-analytical model for a gas micro cryogenic machine operating on reverse Stirling cycle, as well as retrieval of the interconnection between geometric parameters of key assemblies and thermodynamic characteristics. Modern navigation and monitoring devices, especially satellite ones (including the defense industry systems) operating without "consumables", capable of refrigerating and thermostatting the photodetecting devices, need refrigeration at cryogenic temperatures 77...80 K. Elaboration of the design method for microcryogenic machines should provide the development of optimal, economically well- grounded and efficient gas cryogenic machine. Design and optimization problems are widely considered in the world technical literature for separate processes - heat transfer problems, operation of compressors, etc., but a general task - to simulate operation of a gas cryogenic machine as a complex system of the interconnected elements, is yet not solved. The authors are trying to define and describe interdependencies of the machine different parameters, their influence on each other. Proposed design-analytical model allows to solve both a direct problem (designing) and inverse problem (checking calculation) for a gas micro cryogenic machine operating on reverse Stirling cycle. Direct problem is characterized by known input parameters (temperatures of refrigeration volume, of the condenser cooling medium, cooling efficiency) that help in determining main features of operation cycle and machine elements. Inverse problem is: to determine the refrigerant boiling and condensation temperatures and its mass flow rate for given geometric parameters of the apparatus, compressor and expansion device, environment temperature and heat leakages.

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